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Thursday, October 1, 2015

Jauhkan Anakmu Dari Kemudahan


Seorang mahasiswi mengeluh. Dari SD hingga lulus S-1, ia selalu juara. Namun kini, di program S-2, ia begitu kesulitan menghadapi dosennya yang menyepelekannya. Judul tesisnya selalu ditolak tanpa alasan yang jelas. Kalau jadwal bertemu dibatalkan sepihak oleh dosen, ia sulit menerimanya.

Sementara itu, teman-temannya, yang cepat selesai, jago mencari celah. Ia menduga, teman-temannya yang tak sepintar dirinya itu “ada main” dengan dosen-dosennya. “Karena mereka tak sepintar aku,” ujarnya.

Banyak orangtua yang belum menyadari, di balik nilai-nilai tinggi yang dicapai anak-anaknya semasa sekolah, mereka menyandang persoalan besar: kesombongan dan ketidakmampuan menghadapi kesulitan. Bila hal ini saja tak bisa diatasi, maka masa depan ekonominya pun akan sulit.

Mungkin inilah yang perlu dilakukan orangtua dan kaum muda: belajar menghadapi realitas dunia orang dewasa, yaitu kesulitan dan rintangan.


Hadiah orangtua

Psikolog Stanford University, Carol Dweck, yang menulis temuan dari eksperimennya dalam buku The New Psychology of Success, menulis, “Hadiah terpenting dan terindah dari orangtua pada anak-anaknya adalah tantangan”.

Ya, tantangan. Apakah itu kesulitan-kesulitan hidup, rasa frustrasi dalam memecahkan masalah, sampai kegagalan “membuka pintu”, jatuh bangun di usia muda. Ini berbeda dengan pandangan banyak orangtua yang cepat-cepat ingin mengambil masalah yang dihadapi anak-anaknya.

Kesulitan belajar mereka biasanya kita atasi dengan mendatangkan guru-guru les, atau bahkan menyuap sekolah dan guru-gurunya. Bahkan, tak sedikit pejabat mengambil alih tanggung jawab anak-anaknya ketika menghadapi proses hukum karena kelalaian mereka di jalan raya.

Kesalahan mereka membuat kita resah. Masalah mereka adalah masalah kita, bukan milik mereka.
Termasuk di dalamnya adalah rasa bangga orangtua yang berlebihan ketika anak-anaknya mengalami kemudahan dalam belajar dibandingkan rekan-rekannya di sekolah.

Berkebalikan dengan pujian yang dibangga-banggakan, Dweck malah menganjurkan orangtua untuk mengucapkan kalimat seperti ini: “Maafkan Ibu telah membuat segala sesuatu terlalu gampang untukmu, Nak. Soal ini kurang menarik. Bagaimana kalau kita coba yang lebih menantang?”

Jadi, dari kecil, saran Dweck, anak-anak harus dibiasakan dibesarkan dalam alam yang menantang, bukan asal gampang atau digampangkan. Pujian boleh untuk menyemangati, bukan membuatnya selalu mudah.

Saya teringat masa-masa muda dan kanak-kanak saya yang hampir setiap saat menghadapi kesulitan dan tantangan. Kata reporter sebuah majalah, saya ini termasuk “bengal”. Namun ibu saya bilang, saya kreatif. Kakak-kakak saya bilang saya bandel. Namun, otak saya bilang “selalu ada jalan keluar dari setiap kesulitan”.

Begitu memasuki dunia dewasa, seorang anak akan melihat dunia yang jauh berbeda dengan masa kanak-kanak. Dunia orang dewasa, sejatinya, banyak keanehannya, tipu-tipunya. Hal gampang bisa dibuat menjadi sulit. Namun, otak saya selalu ingin membalikkannya.

Demikianlah, hal-hal sepele sering dibuat orang menjadi masalah besar.
Banyak ilmuwan pintar, tetapi reaktif dan cepat tersinggung. Demikian pula kalau orang sudah senang, apa pun yang kita inginkan selalu bisa diberikan.


Panggung Orang Dewasa

Dunia orang dewasa itu adalah sebuah panggung besar dengan unfair treatment yang menyakitkan bagi mereka yang dibesarkan dalam kemudahan dan alam yang protektif.
Kemudahan-kemudahan yang didapat pada usia muda akan hilang begitu seseorang tamat SMU.

Di dunia kerja, keadaan yang lebih menyakitkan akan mungkin lebih banyak lagi ditemui.
Fakta-fakta akan sangat mudah Anda temui bahwa tak semua orang, yang secara akademis hebat, mampu menjadi pejabat atau CEO. Jawabannya hanya satu: hidup seperti ini sungguh menantang.

Tantangan-tantangan itu tak boleh membuat seseorang cepat menyerah atau secara defensif menyatakan para pemenang itu “bodoh”, tidak logis, tidak mengerti, dan lain sebagainya.

Berkata bahwa hanya kitalah orang yang pintar, yang paling mengerti, hanya akan menunjukkan ketidakberdayaan belaka. Dan pernyataan ini hanya keluar dari orang pintar yang miskin perspektif, dan kurang menghadapi ujian yang sesungguhnya.

Dalam banyak kesempatan, kita menyaksikan banyak orang-orang pintar menjadi tampak bodoh karena ia memang bodoh mengelola kesulitan. Ia hanya pandai berkelit atau ngoceh-ngoceh di belakang panggung, bersungut-sungut karena kini tak ada lagi orang dewasa yang mengambil alih kesulitan yang ia hadapi.

Di Universitas Indonesia, saya membentuk mahasiswa-mahasiswa saya agar berani menghadapi tantangan dengan cara satu orang pergi ke satu negara tanpa ditemani satu orang pun agar berani menghadapi kesulitan, kesasar, ketinggalan pesawat, atau kehabisan uang.

Namun lagi-lagi orangtua sering mengintervensi mereka dengan mencarikan travel agent, memberikan paket tur, uang jajan dalam jumlah besar, menitipkan perjalanan pada teman di luar negeri, menyediakan penginapan yang aman, dan lain sebagainya. Padahal, anak-anak itu hanya butuh satu kesempatan: bagaimana menghadapi kesulitan dengan caranya sendiri.

Hidup yang indah adalah hidup dalam alam sebenarnya, yaitu alam yang penuh tantangan.

Dan inilah esensi perekonomian abad ke-21: bergejolak, ketidakpastian, dan membuat manusia menghadapi ambiguitas. Namun dalam kondisi seperti itulah sesungguhnya manusia berpikir. Dan ketika kita berpikir, tampaklah pintu-pintu baru terbuka, saat pintu-pintu hafalan kita tertutup.

Jadi inilah yang mengakibatkan banyak sekali orang pintar sulit dalam menghadapi kesulitan.

Maka dari itu, pesan Carol Dweck, dari apa yang saya renungi, sebenarnya sederhana saja: orangtua, jangan cepat-cepat merampas kesulitan yang dihadapi anak-anakmu. Sebaliknya, berilah mereka kesempatan untuk menghadapi tantangan dan kesulitan.

sumber : rhenald kasali

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Wednesday, September 9, 2015

Seven fantastic exercises to give you a healthy spine



Back pain is no joke. Regardless of whether someone has a highly active lifestyle or is completely lazy, every one of us risks damaging our spine through our everday activities.
Luckily for you, we’ve found a few simple, but very effective exercises which are guaranteed to help you get rid of back pain you might experience.

Exercise 1

Lie on your back. Bend your right leg at the knee. Stretch out your left leg above your head. Grasp it with both hands under the knee, and pull it towards your torso. Hold this pulling motion for 30 seconds. Repeat this exercise twice for both legs.




Exercise 2

Lie on your back and bend both legs at the knee. Grasp your left leg with both hands at the knee and pull it towards your torso. Hold the position for 20 seconds. Repeat the exercise twice for both legs.




Exercise 3

Lie on your back. Stretch your right arm out to the side, at a right angle to your body. Stretch your left leg out so that it is straight. Try to stretch your right knee towards your left side, so that it almost touches your left hand. Hold this position for 20 seconds. Repeat the exercise twice for both knees.




Exercise 4

Lie on your back and bend your left leg at the knee. Place the lower half of your right leg crosswise over your left thigh, with your knee pointing out sideways at a right angle. Carefully pull your left leg towards your head. Hold this position for 30 seconds. Switch the position of your legs and repeat.


Exercise 5
Lean on the floor on your using your right knee and stretch out your leg behind you. Your left leg should be bent at the knee. Hold this position for 30 seconds. Repeat the exercise with the position of your legs changed.







Exercise 6

Lie on your right side. Bend your left leg at the knee, grasping your ankle with your left hand. Carefully pully on your ankle with your hand, thereby tensing the muscles in your left thigh. Your spine should not be bent to any great extent. Hold this position for 30 seconds. Then lie on your left side and repeat the exercise.





Exercise 7

Stand arms’ length from a table. Bend your upper body forward, slightly bending your legs at the knees, to the point where you can touch the edge of the table with both hands. Your arms should be stretched out and your head at the level of your shoulders. Hold this position for ten seconds. Then stand up straight and bend your body to each side, one after the other.

Once you’ve done all this, we promise you’ll fee great!

 

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Thursday, August 6, 2015

4 key reasons why it matters to put your spouse before your children



There are important reasons why your spouse should be your first priority, even before your children. That doesn’t mean you don’t love your children; it means you love them enough to keep your priorities in the right order.

  • Editor's Note: Written in response to their highly popular article (read by over 4 million people), 10 ways you are being unfaithful to your spouse - and you don't even know it.
    There is a natural order in marriage. It begins with two people falling in love, believing that they are the most important person in the world to each other. As children come along they need to be cherished and loved but never more than your spouse. Then when they're grown and gone, it's back to just two people again. When these two remain in love, it provides a stability and a legacy for the children, no matter their age.
 
  • The four key reasons

  • Your children need to see how marriage works

    If you push your spouse down on your list of priorities, your children will believe that marriage isn't all that important. On the other hand, if they see you honoring your spouse with that number one spot, they will feel a love and security that can come in no other way.
    A young adult shared the following experience. She said, "When I was little I used to ask my mom who she loved the most, me or Dad. She always said, "Dad." I asked him the same question, and he answered "Mom." Of course, I knew they loved me, but I was always a little disappointed that they didn't say they loved me the most. A few years later I asked them again and the answer they gave showed me on top, at last. They said they loved me the most. The funny thing is, it didn't feel so good after all. It wasn't the feeling I was expecting. I liked it better when they said they loved each other the most." A few years later they were divorced. She said, "They needed to keep loving each other the most, then I might still have a mom and dad together. It's sad." (First published here)
    Twin college coeds were counseling their younger sisters about what to look for in their future husband. They wrote: "Tonight when Dad comes home from work or meetings, listen to the first words he'll say when he walks in the door: 'Where's my beautiful wife?' Then watch as he searches the house to find her, just so he can kiss her to let her know he loves her. Notice how he'll start helping with whatever he can right away, and how he makes every one of you feel so important as he asks about your day."
    Putting your spouse first does not diminish the love your children feel from you. It enhances it as long as you show love to them as well.
 
  • It creates a feeling of romance in your marriage

    You know right off the top that you matter to your spouse, and that's romantic. How open are you to respond with love and affection when you feel that you are the most important person in the world to your spouse? Keeping romance alive in marriage is crucial. And this is not just about "making love," it's about giving love in everyday little acts of caring that show your spouse how much he or she means to you. An unhappy wife told us that her husband meets the needs of everyone else first and rarely even notices hers. Are there times when a child's needs come first? Of course, but not continually and not at the expense of your spouse. A father of three young children, when asked if he still had the top spot on his wife's list of priorities, said, "I'm not even on the list." He wasn't laughing. Busy spouses must always find time to show their mates how important they are to them.
 
  • Children who are continually number one become self-centered

    When they are practically worshiped at home by a parent, children go out into the world with an unrealistic view; one that says they are owed. In an article by physician Danielle Teller, titled "How American parenting is killing the American marriage," she said, "Children who are raised to believe that they are the center of the universe have a tough time when their special status erodes as they approach adulthood. Most troubling of all, couples who live entirely child-centric lives can lose touch with one another to the point where they have nothing left to say to one another when the kids leave home... Is it surprising that divorce rates are rising fastest for new empty nesters?"
 
  • It helps everything else in your life go better

    When your marriage is going well, it improves every other part of your life. If you have to spend time worrying about your marriage, it will take away from your productivity at work. Even more important, if you spend time fretting over marital problems, you have less time to devote to your children. There is only so much time and space in your life so keeping the marriage strong opens up more avenues for your relationship with your children to flourish. Keeping your spouse in that number one spot is what helps make that happen.
    When divorce and remarriage enter the scene, it can be complicated. Where do the children of the first marriage fit? The new spouse deserves that number one spot, but that does not mean the children of a previous marriage are excluded. Children of divorce can feel left out and unloved if proper attention is not given to them. They may not be number one, but they need to be a very close number two, even if they are unlovable at times. They're hurting. They need both of their natural parents' love for them to thrive.
    If you are a step-parent (some call it more lovingly — a bonus parent), then you need to be willing to welcome your current mate's children into your lives and allow him or her to have time to enjoy their children. Bring them into a loving family where they can see that your current marriage is one of happiness and strength. It will give them a feeling of security they were missing before.

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NASA unveils EPIC photobomb by the far side of the moon


Moon passed between Sun and Earth, taken by NASA's spacecraft in 16th July 2015.
“I’m having trouble getting over how awesome this is,” tweeted Peter Gleick, a scientist at the Pacific Institute. Al Gore called it “incredible.” Another said it was “existentially humbling.”

They’re all singing the praises of NASA’s latest visual offering: A view, from 1 million miles away, of the moon as it passes between the DSCOVR spacecraft’s “EPIC” camera and the Earth.

These images, which were taken between 3:50 p.m. and 8:45 p.m. EDT on July 16, show the moon passing over the Pacific Ocean near North America. NASA said the camera will be able to capture the moon and Earth together twice a year once it begins regular observations next month.

The view, while unique, isn’t the first glimpse we’ve had of the far side of the moon shielded from us on Earth. That distinction, NASA says, belongs to the images returned by the Soviet Luna 3 in 1959.
In 2008, NASA captured a similar view from 31 million miles a way, but they showed a moon that, unlike the latest batch, showed only a partially illuminated moon

NASA pointed out that the lunar far side doesn’t have “the large, dark, basaltic plains, or maria, that are so prominent on the Earth-facing side.” Features, however, include the Mare Moscoviense in the upper left and the Tsiolkovskiy crater in the lower left.

“It is surprising how much brighter Earth is than the moon,” said Adam Szabo, DSCOVR project scientist at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. “Our planet is a truly brilliant object in dark space compared to the lunar surface.”

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Monday, August 3, 2015

5 ways you are unknowingly destroying your husband and killing your marriage


You might be surprised to figure out you are doing these five destructive things that will ultimately ruin your relationship with your spouse.

  • When I got married, I was amazed at the instant, overwhelming sense of responsibility I felt to love and care for my husband. Suddenly, a huge part of someone else's well-being and happiness was largely affected by my choices and actions.
    Women, we need to be careful about how we are caring for our husbands and marriages. Don't let the small stuff ruin the things that will bring you the greatest happiness in life.
    Here are just a few ways you might be unknowingly destroying your husband and killing your marriage (as a caveat, please understand that although this article is directed toward women, it applies to men as well):

  • 1. Living outside of what you can afford

    A wise old woman from my church congregation once advised: "The best thing you can do as a wife is to live within your husband's means."
    Wives, show sincere appreciation and respect to your husband by carefully following a budget and making the most of what you have. Be wise about your finances.
    Constantly complaining about not having enough to fulfill your lavish desires or racking up astronomical amounts of debt on your credit card is a poor way of saying "thank you" to a faithful spouse who works hard every day to provide for the family.
    Yes, you may not have enough to buy that Kate Spade bag you've had your eyes on for months, but your husband will love and appreciate the fact that you honor him and are grateful for what he provides.

  • 2. Constant negativity

    You hate your hair, the messes around the house, the neighbor across the street, your dumb co-worker, the old dishwasher, and everything in between. As soon as your husband walks through the door, you launch into action and dump every negative and angry thought that's crossed your mind throughout the day.
    Can you imagine having to carry that burden? Negativity is draining. Men like to fix things, and constantly being hounded with complaints makes it difficult for him to help solve your pains.
    If there is one thing I've learned from marriage is that a good man wants you to be happy, and if he can't help you do that, it makes him unhappy. It's okay to have a bad day once in a while, that's totally understandable, but don't make it a way of life.

  • 3. Putting everything else first

    When your children, mom, best friends, talents, or career in front of your husband, you send a clear message to him that he is unimportant. Imagine having that message sent to you every day for many years. What would that do to your self esteem?
    Put your husband first.
    Although it sometimes seems counter-intuitive and counterproductive, I think you'd be amazed to find that it's often the key to the greatest happiness in marriage. So many couples get divorced these days, because they neglect to care and love one another and put each other first.
    If you choose to put each other first, you will find a lot of joy.
    Read: 4 key reasons why it matters to put your spouse before your children  


  • 4. Withholding physical affection

    Men crave and need physical affection with their wives. When you constantly decline intimacy, it wears on them.
    Sex should not be used as a tool to control your spouse; it should be viewed as a sacred tool to draw you closer to one another and to God.
    It is a great blessing to be wanted and needed by a loving, romantic husband who wants to share something so beautiful and important with you -- and you only. Even though you might not always be in the mood, it's worth it to give in (when you can) and spend that time bonding.
 
  • 5. Not speaking his language

    Women love to drop hints. (I think it's part of our DNA.) But men just don't get them. (I think that is a part of their DNA.)
    Don't waste your time giving subtle hints that he won't understand: Speak plainly to him. Be honest about your feelings, and don't bottle things up until you burst. If he asks you what's wrong, don't respond with "nothing" and then expect him to read your mind and emotions. Be open about how you really feel.
    -
    UPDATE: Men, this advice applies to you as well. Check out, "5 ways you are unknowingly destroying your wife and killing your marriage".

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Friday, July 31, 2015

5 ways you are unknowingly destroying your wife and killing your marriage


What you don't know CAN hurt you. These five things are hurting your wife and killing your marriage.


  • It's tough being a man these days. Modern men are expected to be sensitive, caring and in tune with their feelings; while at the same time they're still expected to be strong, protectors and able to fix anything that breaks. Men can't be too sensitive or they're not being good enough protectors. On the other hand, they can't be too protective or else they're not being sensitive enough.
 
  • As men, we try to navigate this balance between being caring and being strong. And because it can be such a fine line, there are a lot of times we fail. And there are things we do that are hurting our wives and killing our marriages. Here are five:
 
  • 1. Not providing the basics for the family

    As a man, it is your responsibility to provide for your family, regardless of whether or not your wife works. Sometimes this means working a few overtime shifts so your kids can sign up for that baseball league. And sometimes this means biting your lip when your boss is being a jerk because you need the stability for your family. But it makes it all worth it when you come home at night and see the smiles on everyone's face.

  • 2. Pessimism

    Ever since you were a kid, you were taught to, "Man up," and, "Don't cry," just to accept the fact that bad things just happen in life. While this is good advice sometimes, your wife also needs you to be an optimist. Your relationship will need to rally from all kinds of challenges, failures, hurt feelings and health problems. Your wife doesn't need someone to tell her to stop crying, she needs a shoulder to cry on.
 
  • 3. Withholding physical affection

    Yes, men do this, too. Physical affection is more than just sex. It includes giving her hugs before you leave for work, holding her hand in the aisle at the grocery store and pulling her close to you when you're watching a movie on the couch together. If you're withholding these things from her, you're withholding physical affection that she thrives on. The affection you try to show inside the bedroom will never make up for the physical affection you show her outside the bedroom.

  • 4. Putting other things first

    Of the hundreds of girls you knew and dozens that you dated, your wife was the one you picked to spend the rest of your life with. She needs to know that you still pick her. Every time you check your smartphone when you're out together or every time you come home late from work without calling you're sending her a message that she's not important to you. Consequently, she wonders if you still care about her as much as when you first got married.
    Your work is important, but don't forget what you're working for. Remember that there's nothing on your phone that's more important than what's going on right around you.
 
  • 5. Not speaking her language

    Women need to know they are loved and that you are grateful for her. You think you're showing love by going to work every day and bringing home a paycheck, so most of the time you don't do much more than that (except maybe on Valentine's Day).
    But, she needs more than that to see your love and she needs you to show her that you're doing it all for her. So take a little extra time and do something special. Send her a couple texts during the day or bring her home some flowers from the grocery store. You might be surprised at the reaction you get. 
 
 UPDATE: Women, this advice applies to you as well. Check out, "5 ways you are unknowingly destroying your husband and killing your marriage".

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Tuesday, July 28, 2015

Cerita Bijak Confucius dan Yan Hui

Yan Hui adalah murid kesayangan Confucius yang suka belajar, sifatnya baik.
Pada suatu hari ketika Yan Hui sedang bertugas, dia melihat satu toko kain sedang dikerumuni banyak orang. Dia mendekat dan mendapati pembeli dan penjual kain sedang berdebat.
Pembeli berteriak: “3×8 = 23, kenapa kamu bilang 24?”
Yan Hui mendekati pembeli kain dan berkata: “Sobat, 3×8 = 24, tidak usah diperdebatkan lagi.”
Pembeli kain tidak senang lalu menunjuk hidung Yan Hui dan berkata: “Siapa minta pendapatmu? Kalaupun mau minta pendapat mesti minta ke Confusius.
Benar atau salah Confusius yang berhak mengatakan.”
Yan Hui: “Baik, jika Confucius bilang kamu salah, bagaimana?”
Pembeli kain: “Kalau Confucius bilang saya salah, kepalaku aku potong untukmu. Kalau kamu yang salah, bagaimana?”
Yan Hui: “Kalau saya yang salah, jabatanku untukmu.”
Keduanya sepakat untuk bertaruh, lalu pergi mencari Confucius. Setelah Confucius tahu duduk persoalannya, Confucius berkata kepada Yan Hui sambil tertawa: “3×8 = 23. Yan Hui, kamu kalah. Berikan jabatanmu kepada dia.”

Selamanya Yan Hui tidak akan berdebat dengan gurunya. Ketika mendengar Confucius berkata dia salah, diturunkannya topinya lalu dia berikan kepada pembeli kain. Orang itu mengambil topi Yan Hui dan berlalu
dengan puas.
Walaupun Yan Hui menerima penilaian Confucius tapi hatinya tidak sependapat.
Dia merasa Confucius sudah tua dan pikun sehingga dia tidak mau lagi belajar darinya. Yan Hui minta cuti dengan alasan urusan keluarga. Confusius tahu isi hati Yan Hui dan memberi cuti padanya. Sebelum berangkat, Yan Hui pamitan dan Confucius memintanya cepat kembali setelah urusannya selesai,
dan memberi Yan Hui dua nasihat: “Bila hujan lebat, janganlah berteduh di bawah pohon. Dan jangan membunuh.”
Yan Hui menjawab, “Baiklah,” lalu berangkat pulang.
Di dalam perjalanan tiba-tiba angin kencang disertai petir, kelihatannya sudah mau turun hujan lebat.
Yan Hui ingin berlindung di bawah pohon tapi tiba-tiba ingat nasihat Confucius dan dalam hati berpikir untuk menuruti kata gurunya sekali lagi. Dia meninggalkan pohon itu. Belum lama dia pergi, petir menyambar dan pohon itu hancur. Yan Hui terkejut, nasihat gurunya yang pertama sudah terbukti.

Apakah saya akan membunuh orang?
Yan Hui tiba di rumahnya saat malam sudah larut dan tidak ingin mengganggu tidur istrinya. Dia menggunakan pedangnya untuk membuka kamarnya. Sesampai di depan ranjang, dia meraba dan mendapati ada seorang di sisi kiri ranjang dan seorang lagi di sisi kanan. Dia sangat marah, dan mau menghunus pedangnya. Pada saat mau menghujamkan pedangnya, dia ingat lagi nasihat Confucius, jangan membunuh. Dia lalu menyalakan lilin dan ternyata yang tidur disamping istrinya adalah adik istrinya.

Pada keesokan harinya, Yan Hui kembali ke Confucius, berlutut dan berkata:
“Guru, bagaimana guru tahu apa yang akan terjadi?”
Confucius berkata: “Kemarin hari sangatlah panas, diperkirakan akan turun
hujan petir, makanya guru mengingatkanmu untuk tidak berlindung dibawah pohon. Kamu kemarin pergi dengan amarah dan membawa pedang, maka guru mengingatkanmu agar jangan membunuh”.

Yan Hui berkata: “Guru, perkiraanmu hebat sekali, murid sangatlah kagum.”
Jawab Confucius : “Aku tahu kamu minta cuti bukanlah karena urusan keluarga.
Kamu tidak ingin belajar lagi dariku. Cobalah kamu pikir. Kemarin guru bilang 3×8=23 adalah benar, kamu kalah dan kehilangan jabatanmu. Tapi jikalau guru bilang 3×8=24 adalah benar, si pembeli kainlah yang kalah dan itu berarti akan hilang 1 nyawa. Menurutmu, jabatanmu lebih penting atau kehilangan 1 nyawa yang lebih penting?”

Yan Hui sadar akan kesalahannya dan berkata : “Guru mementingkan yang lebih utama, murid malah berpikir guru sudah tua dan pikun. Murid benar2 malu.”
Sejak itu, kemanapun Confucius pergi Yan Hui selalu mengikutinya.

Cerita ini mengingatkan kita:
Jikapun aku bertaruh dan memenangkan seluruh dunia, tapi aku kehilangan kamu, apalah artinya. Dengan kata lain, kamu bertaruh memenangkan apa yang kamu anggap adalah kebenaran, tapi malah kehilangan sesuatu yang lebih penting. Banyak hal ada kadar kepentingannya. Janganlah gara-gara bertaruh mati-matian untuk prinsip kebenaran itu, tapi akhirnya malah menyesal, sudahlah terlambat. Banyak hal sebenarnya tidak perlu dipertaruhkan. Mundur selangkah, malah yang didapat adalah kebaikan bagi semua orang.

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Monday, July 20, 2015

Sejarah Makanan Cakwe Dari Jendral Yue Fei

Sejarah Makanan Cakwe Dari Jenderal Yue Fei

Di Hangzhou, selain tentang Legenda Siluman Ular Putihnya ( baca disini ) yang mendunia, ternyata Hangzhou sangat terkenal dengan makanan cakwe. Hampir seisi kota menjual cakwe. Sebenarnya sih, seluruh China ( baca disini ) ada saja yang menjual cakwe. Tapi, yang paling terkenal dan yang paling enak, konon kabarnya adalah di Hangzhou. Tidak berlebihan juga, karena asal muasal makanan cakwe itu berasal dari kota ini.

Rupanya ada cerita dan nilai sejarah dibalik makanan cakwe ini. Adalah seorang Jendral yang sangat terkenal jago kungfu dan pemanah yang tangguh pada zaman dinasti Song Selatan bernama Jendral Yue Fei. Sang Jendral sangatlah dihormati karena kehebatannya dalam berperang. Beliau selalu dipuja masyarakat dan nama besarnya sangat dijunjung tinggi. Begitu juga dengan Kaisar, sangat memandang Jendral Yue Fei. Posisinya kemudian semakin bersinar berkat prestasinya yang selalu berhasil dalam peperangan melawan dinasti Jin (baca: Cin).
Jenderal Yue Fei
Dipunggung sang Jendral terdapat sebuah tato yang mempunyai arti khusus " Segenap Hati Setia dan Membela Negara". Tato itu dibuatkan sendiri oleh Ibunda Yue Fei dan disaksikan oleh istri dan anaknya.
Ibunda Yue Fei membuatkan tato bertuliskan jin zhong bao guo (Segenap Hati Setia dan Membela Negara)
Kepopuleran Jendral Yue Fei membuat iri hati dari pejabat-pejabat lainnya. Ada sepasang suami istri pejabat bernama Qin Hui dan Lady Wang yang sangat benci sang jendral kemudian membuat sebuah taktik untuk menjebak Jendral Yue Fei, yaitu meminta Kaisar Gaozong untuk memanggil Jendral Yue Fei pulang saat sedang berperang untuk merebut kembali Ibukota Song Utara, Kaifeng. Setelah menolak surat perintah Kaisar sebanyak 11 kali, pada surat perintah ke 12, Sang Jendral akhirnya pulang ke Ibukota Song Selatan. Tuduhan, fitnahan dan segala akal busuk berhasil merobek nama bersih Jendral. Pada tahun 1142, Jendral Yue Fei beserta anaknya Yue Yun dan pengikutnya Zhang Xian akhirnya dihukum mati dengan tuduhan melanggar surat perintah Kaisar di usia 39 tahun.

Lukisan sejarah kehidupan Jenderal Yue Fei

Rakyat tidak terima, rakyat marah tapi tidak bisa berbuat apa-apa. Rakyat tidak berani protes didepan umum, tidak berani beraksi. Ceritanya, ada seorang bibi tua, sangking bencinya pada pejabat Qin Hui dan istrinya yang telah memfitnah Jendereal Yue Fei, meluapkan emosinya dengan membuat makanan semacam kue panggang.

Takut ketahuan emosinya, si bibi tua itu, kemudian marah-marah kepada sepasang suami istri pejabat itu dengan menyebut mereka dengan nama lain. Saat kuenya mau digoreng, bibi tua menyebutkan : " Cha Kwe...Cha.. Kwe.." Dimana Cha artinya bunuh , Kwe itu nama samaran untuk sepasang suami istri pejabat itu. Kalau dikampung aku, dikenal dengan Yiu Cha Kwe. Ada tambahan kata Yiu, yang artinya minyak atau menggoreng. Jadi secara keseluruhan bisa berarti, bunuh si Kwe , goreng si Kwe. Bentuk cakwe kan ada 2 batang yang digabungkan jadi 1.Itu artinya 1 bagian si suami pejabat, 1 lagi bagian istrinya pejabat itu. Mereka sangat dibenci rakyat waktu itu.

Suami Istri Pejabat yang fitnah Jenderal Yue Fei
Saat berkunjung ke klenteng Jenderal Yue Fei, sangat ramai, dipenuhi turis lokal maupun manca negara. Dinding-dinding klenteng, samping kanan-kiri patung Jenderal Yue Fei berada, berisi lukisan-lukisan sejarah kehidupan Jendral hingga menemui ajalnya dihukum mati oleh Kaisar. Kuburan asli Jendral Yue Fei masih ada disana. Terletak dibelakang klentengnya, kata orang lokal, jenazah asli Jendral dimakamkan.

2 Pejabat lainnya yang ikut fitnah Jenderal Yue Fei
Sedangkan sepasang suami istri dan 2 pejabat lainnya, dibuatkan patungnya. Berlutut dengan tangan diborgol dihadapan makam Jendral Yue Fei. Dan, informasi saja, dari dulu, setiap turis lokal dari China yang ke sana, jika lewat didepan patung ini, pasti akan memaki dan memukul patungnya sambil ngedumel caci makiannya. Pemerintah sampai turun tangan, sampaikan pesan kepada para turis, patungnya tidak bersalah, patungnya hanyalah beton, pasir, batu dan semen. Patungnya tidak bersalah. Lagipula, ini sudah lama berlalu, ini sudah menjadi sejarah.

Patung suami istri pejabat dipukul dan dicaci maki
Demikianlah cerita dibalik sebuah makanan sederhana. Teman makan bubur. Cakwe ternyata mempunyai nilai dan sejarah yang begitu besar.
 
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Catatan penulis:
Kisah singkat Jenderal Yue Fei juga tercatat dalam kisah Roman/TV series terkenal Tiongkok yang berjudul Shui Hu Zhuan (Water Margin / Tepi Air), karena terjadi pada periode yang hampir bersamaan.